For businesses relying on real-time chat to enhance user engagement and retention, selecting the ideal chat sdk platform is a critical decision. Whilst PubNub has been a well-known choice, there are also other viable alternatives.
In this blog, we will explore some of the top alternatives to PubNub. But first, let's take a closer look at how PubNub works and some of the main reasons why businesses look for alternatives to PubNub.
PubNub : A quick overview
PubNub is a real-time infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS) company offering a cloud-based platform enabling developers to build, manage, and scale real-time applications. Its key offering is a real-time publish/subscribe (pub/sub) messaging API.
In the pub/sub model, messages are dispatched to specific 'channels' or 'topics', and then received by subscribers to these channels. This model allows for scalability and network dynamics, with publishers (senders of messages) and subscribers (receivers), functioning independently. This means that a new chat message or a live game score update can be pushed out to interested users in real-time at scale.
However, the pub/sub approach democratises the construction of real-time messaging systems, leading to a significant amount of custom development.
As a result, businesses may find themselves building some chat features and the chat UI from scratch - a potentially time-consuming and complex process.
In the following sections, we'll delve deeper into the challenges faced when using PubNub and other pub/sub based solutions for building real-time messaging applications.
PubNub's perfomance limitations
01.
Uneven message ordering
PubNub does not guarantee that messages will be delivered to subscribers in the exact same order in which they were published. While it provides mechanisms for maintaining order, developers need to implement additional logic to ensure message sequencing, which always proved to be complex.
02.
Lack of a reliable message delivery method
Pubnub has a message queue size of 100. If a user experiences a temporary loss of connectivity and published messages exceeds this limit, older messages may be discarded and remain undelivered upon the user's subsequent reconnection.
03.
PubNub's Pub/Sub model typically does not persist messages
If a subscriber is offline or not subscribed to a channel when a message is published, they may miss that message. Developers may need to implement additional systems for message persistence and offline message delivery.
04.
No in-built user presence indicators
Unlike other real-time messaging platforms like CometChat that offer built-in user presence features, PubNub does not have a native mechanism for automatically detecting user's online or offline status. Instead, developers must design, implement, and maintain their own system for this purpose. This could consume developer’s time and efforts and could also add complexity.
PubNub's security limitations
01.
Lack of Authentication and Security:
PubNub offers no inbuilt authentication or security, potentially making it unsuitable for applications requiring strict access control, and forcing developers to create their own authentication and authorization layers which would incur significant dev time and cost.
02.
Potential for Unwanted Messages:
In an open pub/sub model, there is a risk of receiving unwanted or spam messages. Without proper controls, channels can be prone to unsolicited messages, which can affect user experience and necessitate filtering mechanisms.
03.
Absence of robust compliance standards
PubNub's pub/sub model lacks inbuilt security and privacy measures, burdening developers with the task of ensuring regulatory compliance. In sectors like healthcare and finance, where sensitive data is handled, privacy and compliance are critical. This can be complex, time-consuming, and non-compliance carries the risk of heavy fines and reputational damage.
04.
Channel naming conflicts
Since channel names are typically chosen by users or developers, there's a possibility of naming conflicts or channels with similar names. This can lead to confusion and potential issues in message deliver
PubNub's pricing limitations
Navigating PubNub's pricing can be a tricky task due to its multiple variables and complex structure. They offer an array of plans including a Free plan for up to 200 Monthly Active Users (MAUs), a Starter plan ($49/month for up to 1000 MAUs), and a customizable Pro plan.
However, each plan comes with stringent transaction limits, turning the cost-effective plans into a potential financial black hole as your scale increases.
Adding to the complexity is PubNub's decision to charge separately for customer support services, which is a departure from the norm set by other vendors, such as CometChat, who bundle these in.
PubNub offers three tiers of support—Standard, Gold, and Platinum—each providing an escalating degree of service at a corresponding cost. To avail comprehensive services such as Slack support, phone support, customers need to invest in the Platinum plan which comes with a hefty $1500 per month price tag.
Lastly, PubNub’s overage charges can quickly add up and become costly at scale, leading to unpredictable and potentially inflated monthly bills, which is particularly concerning for growing businesses.
PubNub's extendability limitations
While PubNub has its strengths, its lack of extendability can become a hurdle for businesses aiming to offer comprehensive real-time engagement solutions.
Firstly, a glaring omission in PubNub's offerings is the absence of a native voice or video solution. This means businesses looking to incorporate real-time voice or video chat into their applications must rely on integrating third-party solutions, which can be a complex and time-consuming task.
Secondly, PubNub's focus is not on providing a deep, holistic solution. This can hinder businesses trying to weave chat experiences seamlessly into their core product offerings. The lack of depth in the solution can result in a disjointed user experience and increased development efforts to bridge any gaps.
Lastly, PubNub's webhooks leave much to be desired. With only basic offerings such as presence webhooks, businesses may find it challenging to trigger core product actions based on chat events. This primitive approach to webhooks can limit the ways in which real-time chat can be used to enhance interactivity and user engagement within an application.
6 Popular alternatives to PubNub
1. Cometchat
CometChat offers a range of solutions that serve various use cases such as one-on-one chat, group conversations, voice & video calling, and more.
It can be easily incorporated into different types of applications, including online marketplaces, dating apps, healthcare apps, e-learning platforms and gaming apps.
Key features of CometChat
Highly customizable: Our chat sdks and pre-buit UI components can be tailored to suit the specific needs of different businesses.
Rich engagement features: Features like message reactions, typing indicators, presence indicators, read receipts, file sharing, and more.
Advanced moderation tools: CometChat provides advanced moderation tools like data masking, content moderation, user banning to ensure user safety and compliance with platform rules.
Support for different platforms: CometChat supports different platforms, including Android, iOS, and the web.
Easy integration: CometChat offers several options for integration, including UI Kits, SDKs, and Widgets, allowing businesses to choose the best fit for their needs.
Scalability: CometChat is designed to scale with businesses as they grow, ensuring that the chat experience remains smooth, even with an increase in users.
Innovative pricing: In addition to the standard MAU based pricing, we also provide usage-based pricing for enterprise businesses.
CometChat is trusted by thousands of customers globally, from small startups to big enterprises, due to its ease of use, robust features, and reliability.
Learn how Shaadi.com leveraged CometChat's Presence Webhook to refine their real-time matchmaking algorithm
Direct comparison of PubNub and Cometchat
| Feature | PubNub | CometChat |
|---|---|---|
UI Kits
| PubNub doesn't offer pre-built UI kits and instead relies on SDKs for integration. However, it does not support popular frameworks like Flutter, Vue.js, or Angular.
| CometChat offers pre-built UI kits to most of the popular frameworks like React, React Native, iOS, Android, Flutter, Angular and Vue.
|
Core chat features
| Requires significant development effort to implement features like search, and presence.
| Cometchat offers chat, in-app calling, and video calling as a unified product. You gain access to all three features without needing to pay separately for each.
|
Development effort
| Easier for experienced developers familiar with SDK integrations.
Cons: Requires building the chat UI from scratch unless you use third-party libraries. Might involve additional work for developers with SDKs like Flutter, Vue, Angular.
| Offers the fastest development due to pre-built UI kits that replicate popular messaging apps like Whatsapp. Extensive documentation and SDK support is available for various platforms.
|
Custom messages
| PubNub primarily focuses on real-time data streaming. While you can send custom data objects, they might not be directly integrated into the chat experience and would require additional development to display as custom messages.
| Provides a dedicated "Custom Message" feature. This allows you to send any data structure as a message, similar to PubNub. However, CometChat offers additional functionalities like message metadata and tags, which can be used for easier identification and categorization of custom messages.
|
Moderation
| Offers basic moderation tools like user blacklisting and message filtering based on keywords.
Requires additional development to implement more complex moderation workflows (e.g., reporting system, reviewing flagged messages).
| Includes user moderation tools like banning, muting, and blocking. Also offers functionalities like chat history retrieval and message deletion for moderation purposes.
|
Notifications
| Offers basic push notification functionalities through platform integrations (Firebase Cloud Messaging for Android, Apple Push Notification service for iOS).
| Includes built-in push notification functionalities for various platforms (Android, iOS, Web) with support for different notification types (text, in-app, etc.). Apart from push notifications, they also provide Email and SMS notifications.
|
Analytics and insights
| PubNub's core strength lies in real-time data delivery, but its built-in analytics are limited. It offers basic data on message volume, user activity, and channel usage.
| Similar to SendBird, CometChat offers built-in analytics for core chat metrics and basic user behavior insights.
|
Pricing
| The pricing plan is not transparent. In order to know the pricing, you must contact sales.
| Offers a combination of free and subscription-based plans.
|
AI features
| PubNub currently doesn't offer built-in AI features for chat functionalities. However, its real-time messaging capabilities can be leveraged to integrate with external AI services like chatbots or sentiment analysis tools.
| CometChat offers AI chatbots in some of its higher-tier plans. These chatbots can handle basic customer support interactions or answer frequently asked questions.
|
2. Sendbird
Sendbird's solutions serve various use cases across several industries, including gaming, online communities, marketplaces, on-demand services, live-video streaming, and more.
Highlights
Multi-platform support
Real-time messaging and calling
Comprehensive documentation
Limitations
Sendbird's pricing is not scale friendly and they also charge a heft overage fee.
Primitive UI kits that lacks business logic.
Extensive development time
Additional reading
3. StreamChat
However, it's important to note that the platform's customization options, while available, may not be as extensive as some competitors, potentially limiting highly tailored user interfaces.
Additionally, while StreamChat offers solid technical support, the responsiveness and depth of support may vary depending on the subscription tier.
Additional reading
4. Ably
Like Pubnub, Ably also employs a publish-subscribe (pub/sub) messaging model, Ably enables efficient dissemination of data by allowing it to be published to specific channels, ensuring subscribers receive timely updates.
This adaptability positions Ably as a valuable asset across various applications, ranging from messaging apps and collaborative tools to online gaming, live streaming.
Limitations
However, it's essential to take into account Ably's usage-based pricing model, where costs can escalate with increased application traffic and usage. Managing high data transfer or message volume can potentially result in substantial expenses, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of Ably's pricing structure and its implications for your budget.
Depending on the nature of the transmitted data, developers may also need to implement additional security measures to ensure data privacy and regulatory compliance, such as adhering to GDPR or HIPAA standards.
Additional reading
5. Socket.io
The main capabilities provided by Socket.IO include:
Real-Time Analytics: Push data to clients that gets represented as real-time counters, charts, or logs.
Binary Streaming: Starting in 1.0, it's possible to send any blob back and forth, including images, audio files, and video files.
Instant Messaging and Chat: Socket.IO's "room" and "namespace" concepts can be used to divide chat users into different rooms or functions.
Document Collaboration: Many users can interact with the same document and see changes in real-time.
Its event-driven complexity can make development and debugging more intricate, and its resource demands might not align with lightweight or resource-constrained projects.
Moreover, Socket.io's compatibility can be less certain in older browsers and unconventional network setups, and ensuring robust security measures is imperative in real-time applications.
Scalability challenges may arise with large deployments, and staying abreast of backward compatibility when updating the library can pose additional hurdles.
6. Firebase by Google
Firestore provides a scalable and flexible NoSQL database with real-time data synchronization, allowing developers to build collaborative and responsive applications such as chat apps, live dashboards, and multiplayer games.
Firebase's Realtime Database, though older, similarly enables real-time data updates and synchronization.
Advantages include seamless integration with other Firebase services, straightforward setup, and strong offline support.
However, potential disadvantages include limited querying capabilities, scalability challenges with high write loads, and the need for careful data structuring to optimize performance.
Aarathy Sundaresan
Content Marketer , CometChat
